Which 16th century city became a major trade center during the spice trade?

The city that became a major trade center during the spice trade in the 16th century is Lisbon. Lisbon was situated at a strategic geographical location that allowed it to serve as a crucial hub for maritime trade routes between Europe, Africa, and Asia. The Portuguese established a vast trading network and were instrumental in the exploration and trade of spices, particularly from regions like India and the East Indies. This allowed Lisbon to thrive economically and culturally as it became the center of the spice trade due to the influx of wealth and the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures.

While other cities like Venice and Amsterdam were also important trade centers, they were involved in different aspects of trade or periods. Venice was prominent earlier in the Mediterranean trade, especially in luxury goods and spices, but by the 16th century, its influence was increasingly challenged by the rise of Atlantic trade routes. Amsterdam later became a dominant trading city in the 17th century but did not reach the height of its spice trade prominence until later than the 16th century. Bordeaux, primarily known for its wine production, did not play a significant role in the spice trade during this period.